Yiziphi izingozi zezintambo nezintambo ezingafanelekile?

Izintambo kanye nezintamboziyisigaba esikhulu semikhiqizo kagesi esetshenziselwa ukudlulisa ugesi, ukudlulisa ulwazi kanye nokubona ukuguqulwa kwamandla kagesi. Izintambo nezintambo zidlala indima ebalulekile kuyo yonke imisebenzi yezomnotho kanye nempilo yomphakathi. Kungashiwo ukuthi noma kuphi lapho kunabantu abahlala khona, noma kuphi lapho kukhona ukukhiqizwa, ezokuthutha kanye nayo yonke imisebenzi yezomnotho, izintambo namakhebula kudingekile. Ngakho-ke, izinga lezintambo nezintambo lithinta ngqo ukuphila kwethu.

Imikhiqizo engafaneleki ikakhulukazi inezinkinga ngesakhiwo, usayizi we-conductor, ukumelana ne-conductor, ukufakwa kwe-insulation namandla e-sheath tensile ngaphambi kokuguga. Abathengi abasebenzisa imikhiqizo enjalo bajwayele ukuvuza, ukushaqeka kukagesi ngisho nomlilo. Le mikhiqizo esezingeni eliphansi igqibe izingozi eziningi ezifihliwe ekusebenzeni okuvamile kwesistimu yamandla.

Ngemuva kwengozi yesigaba esisodwa (i-short circuit) yenzeke endaweniizintambo nezintambo, idivayisi yokuvikela i-relay ibangela ukuthi izintambo nezintambo zishise ngokweqile ngenxa yokwehluleka kwesenzo sokugcina sokunqamula iphutha, okuholela ekushiseni okuzenzakalelayo kongqimba lokufakelwa.

Izintambo namakhebuli anamandla afanelekile aqinile kanye nobude ngaphambi kokuguga kwe-sheath insulation. Amandla okuqina angafaneleki kanye nokwelulwa komgodlo we-insulating ngaphambi kokuguga kufinyeza ngokuqondile impilo yesevisi yezintambo nezintambo. Ukwengeza, ngesikhathi sokwakhiwa noma endaweni lapho amandla esebenza isikhathi eside futhi izinga lokushisa liphezulu, isivikelo sijwayele ukuphuka, okuholela ekuvezeni amakhondatha aphilayo kanye nengozi yamasekhethi amafushane kagesi.

Izintambo ezinokumelana ne-conductor okungafanelekile. Ukumelana ne-conductor ngokuyinhloko kuyinkomba ebalulekile yokuhlola ukuthi impahla ye-conductor kanye ne-cross-section yezintambo nezintambo ziyahlangabezana yini nezidingo. Lapho ukumelana komqhubi kudlula izinga, ukulahlekelwa kwamanje okudlula emgqeni kuyanda, okwenza kube nzima ukushisa kwezintambo nezintambo. Isizathu esiyinhloko sokumelana nomqhubi okungafanelekile ukuthi ukuze kuncishiswe izindleko, amabhizinisi anciphisa impahla yethusi, ebiza u-80% wezindleko zempahla eluhlaza, noma ngokunciphisa indawo ephambanayo yomqhubi noma ngokusebenzisa ithusi eligaywe kabusha. ukungcola okuphezulu kakhulu. Lokhu kubangela ukumelana komqhubi weizintambo nezintamboukweqa izinga. Enkambweni yokusetshenziswa, akulula nje ukudala umlilo, kodwa futhi kusheshisa ukuguga kwesendlalelo se-insulation ehlanganiswe nezintambo.